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Pay Stubs

What Does a Pay Stub Look Like? A Visual Breakdown

If you've ever stared at your pay stub wondering what all those numbers and abbreviations mean, you're not alone. This guide explains exactly what a pay stub looks like and what every section tells you about your earnings.

The Anatomy of a Pay Stub

Most pay stubs — whether printed, mailed, or delivered digitally through an employee portal — follow a similar layout. While the exact formatting varies by employer or payroll software, the core information is consistent. Here's what you'll typically find, section by section.

Section 1: Header Information

EMPLOYER

Acme Corporation

123 Business Ave

Austin, TX 78701

EIN: 12-3456789

EMPLOYEE

Jane M. Smith

456 Elm Street

Austin, TX 78702

EMP ID: 00142

PAY PERIOD

04/01/26 – 04/14/26

PAY DATE

04/19/2026

PAY FREQUENCY

Biweekly

The header identifies who is being paid, by whom, and for which time period. Always verify the pay period dates match the work you performed.

Section 2: Earnings

DESCRIPTIONRATEHOURSAMOUNT
Regular Pay$36.06/hr80$2,884.62
Overtime$54.09/hr0$0.00
GROSS PAY$2,884.62

The earnings section shows all compensation sources. Regular pay, overtime, bonuses, and commissions each appear as separate line items so you can see exactly how your gross pay was assembled.

Section 3: Deductions

DEDUCTIONCURRENTYTD
Federal Income Tax$384.23$3,073.84
California State Tax$157.42$1,259.36
Social Security (6.2%)$178.85$1,430.80
Medicare (1.45%)$41.83$334.64
401(k) Pre-Tax 6%$173.08$1,384.61
Health Insurance$125.00$1,000.00
TOTAL DEDUCTIONS$1,060.41

The deductions section is where many people are surprised. Notice that the 401(k) contribution appears here as a pre-tax deduction — it reduces your taxable gross income before federal and state taxes are calculated, which is why your tax withholding is lower when you contribute.

Section 4: Net Pay Summary

Gross Pay$2,884.62
Total Deductions− $1,060.41
NET PAY$1,824.21

Net pay is the amount deposited into your bank account or printed on your check. In this example, a $75,000 salary in California yields roughly $1,824 per biweekly paycheck — about 63 cents of every gross dollar.

What Is the YTD Column?

YTD stands for "year-to-date." This column tracks the cumulative total of each earnings and deduction line from January 1st through the current pay date. YTD figures are important at tax time — you'll use them to verify your W-2 and catch any discrepancies before you file your return.

If your YTD gross pay on your last December pay stub doesn't match Box 1 of your W-2, there may be a reporting error. Pre-tax deductions like 401(k) contributions are subtracted from gross pay to arrive at Box 1, so they won't match exactly — but any unexplained difference is worth investigating.

Digital vs. Paper Pay Stubs

Most employers today deliver pay stubs electronically through portals like ADP, Workday, or Paycom. Electronic pay stubs contain exactly the same information as paper versions. To access them, log in to your employer's HR portal, navigate to "Pay History" or "My Pay," and download or print the PDF for any past pay date.

Save digital copies of your last two to three years of pay stubs in a secure folder. You may need them for mortgage applications, lease agreements, loan applications, and tax audit support.

Common Abbreviations on a Pay Stub

YTDYear-to-Date
FWT / FITFederal Withholding / Income Tax
SWT / SITState Withholding / Income Tax
SS or OASDISocial Security (Old Age, Survivors, Disability Insurance)
MED / HIMedicare / Hospital Insurance
FSAFlexible Spending Account
HSAHealth Savings Account
EEEmployee (your share of a benefit cost)
EREmployer (employer's share of a benefit cost)
GTLGroup Term Life Insurance

See Your Own Numbers

Use our free paycheck calculator to see an estimated breakdown of your own gross pay, taxes, and net pay for any state. Then compare it against your actual pay stub to understand your real effective tax rate.